I believe that mostcomputer users will have doubts about whether a computer consist of what elements can make it work. what the function of each element? what can we do on those hardware when our computer has problem?
- System unit: The system unit is a container that houses most of the electronic components that make up a computer system. Two important components of the system unit are the microprocessor and memory. The microprocessor controls and manipulates data to produce information. Memory is a holding area for data, instructions, and information. One type, random-access memory ( RAM ), holds the program and data that is currently being processed. This type of memory is sometimes referred to as temporary storage because its contents will typically be lost if the electrical power to the computer is disrupted.
- Input/output: Input devices translate data and programs that humans can understand into a form that the computer can process. The most common input devices are the keyboard and the mouse . Output devices translate the processed information from the computer into a form that humans can understand. The most common output devices are monitors and printers .
- Secondary storage: Unlike memory, secondary storage holds data and programs even after electrical power to the computer system has been turned off. The most important kinds of secondary media are hard disks, solid-state storage, and optical disks. Hard disks are typically used to store programs and very large data files. Using rigid metallic platters and read/write heads that move across the platters, data and information are stored using magnetic charges of the disk’s surface. In contrast, solid-state storage does not have any moving parts, is more reliable, and requires less power. It saves data and information electronically similar to RAM except that it is not volatile. Three types are solid-state drives (SSDs) that are used much the same way as an internal hard disk, flash memory cards that are widely used in portable devices, and USB drives that are a widely used compact storage medium for transporting data and information between computers and a variety of specialty devices. Optical discs use laser technology and have the greatest capacity.Three types of optical discs are compact discs (CDs) , digital versatile (or video ) discs (DVDs) , and high-definition (hi def) discs .
- Communication: At one time, it was uncommon for a microcomputer system to communicate with other computer systems. Now, using communication devices , a microcomputer can communicate with other computer systems located as near as the next office or as far away as halfway around the world using the Internet. The most widely used communication device is a modem , which modifies telephone communications into a form that can be processed by a computer. Modems also modify computer output into a form that can be transmitted across standard telephone lines.
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